D minor scale

How it is built

• Seven notes: whole, half, whole, whole, half, whole, whole. The half steps fall between E–F and A–B♭.
• F is the flat third, the note that makes it minor. C is the flat seventh, a whole step below D, so the pull home is softer than in major.
• Same notes as F major. Raise C to C♯ for harmonic minor and the V chord turns major.